The earliest definition is by McCulloch (1945) who examined cognitive structures in the brain, the collective organization of which he terms heterarchy. He demonstrates that the human brain is not organized hierarchically but adjusts to the…For example, an individual may highly value human life in general and be against abortion rights, but be for the death penalty (or vice versa). The context of the inquiry, along with changing (and conflicting) values, mitigates this logical…Milledge Nelson, S. (Ed.) (2006). Handbook of gender in archaeology. Lanham, MD: AltaMira Press.
Minsky, M., & Papert, S. (1972). Artificial intelligence progress report (AI Memo 252). Cambridge, MA: MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.…
Marvin Minsky
scientist · 8 mentions across 5 readings
In this course
Marvin Minsky was a foundational figure in artificial intelligence and cognitive science whose work on machine intelligence and the structure of mind has shaped how we theorize computational systems and human cognition. The readings cite his 1972 AI Memo with Seymour Papert as part of the historical groundwork for understanding how early AI researchers modeled intelligence itself, positioning his work in the lineage of post-war cybernetic thinking about hierarchies, heterarchies, and value systems in both machines and brains. His influence appears here more as an archival anchor than an active argumentative presence, marking a genealogy of AI inquiry rather than driving a specific contemporary argument.
Mentioned in 5 readings
If the index terms $W1, W2, \dots, Wm$ provide statistically independent information concerning $Dj$ (i.e., if $W1, \dots, Wm$ are statistically independent, and are also statistically independent given $Dj$), then
$$\log P(Dj \mid W1 \cdo…cortex: the correlation of neurone density with brain size. J. Comp. Neurol. 101, 19–46 (1954).
100. Tribus, M., Information theory as the basis for thermostatics and thermodynamics. J. Appl. Mech. 28, 1–8 (1961).
101. Uttley, A. M., The …
Appears alongside
People mentioned in the same passages — sorted by co-occurrence weight.
Seymour Papert 3Steven Mithen 2Warren McCulloch 2Carole L. Crumley 1David Stark 1Douglas Hofstadter 1Nicos Poulantzas Kontopolous 1Gregory Bateson 1Aliny M. Almeyda 1Elinor Ostrom 1Harini Nagendra 1James C. Scott 1Jane Southworth 1Nicos Mouzelis 1Reza G. Pourdavood 1Robert McC. Netting 1Stephen G. Perz 1Sut Jhally Nelson 1Thomas Piketty 1Thomas Bayes 1A. M. Uttley 1B. Reiffen 1G. Russell 1I. L. Davies 1J. M. Wozencraft 1John R. Pierce 1Myron Tribus 1O. L. Zangwill 1P. M. Woodward 1R. O. Winder 1